如果你想提高你的技艺,你需要向最优秀的人学习。在历史上,专业摄影师们分享了他们的智慧,提供了对他们创作过程和哲学思想的洞察。在这本汇编中,我们呈现了来自不同时代和风格的著名摄影师的 100 句发人深省的名言。从像安塞尔·亚当斯这样的先驱到如安妮·莱博维茨这样的当代偶像,他们的智慧能够为镜头的力量和摄影师的眼光提供独特的见解。我们选择的引语涉及一系列话题,从摄影师在社会中的角色到关于如何提高技艺的建议。因此,无论您是经验丰富的专业人士还是满怀热情的爱好者,这些智慧的珍珠将激励您以不同的视角看待世界,并推动您技艺的边界。

什么是摄影?

Don McCullin "Photography for me is not looking, it’s feeling. If you can’t feel what you’re looking at, then you’re never going to get others to feel anything when they look at your pictures." 对我来说,摄影不仅仅是观看,而是感受。如果你不能感受到你所看到的东西,那么别人在看你照片的时候也永远不会感受到任何东西。
David Goldblatt "Making a photograph is rather like writing a paragraph or a short piece, and putting together a whole string of photographs is like producing a piece of writing in many ways." 拍照很像是在写一段话或一篇短文,而将一系列照片组合在一起在很多方面就像是在创作一篇文章。这样有可能以有趣、微妙、复杂的方式表达连贯的观点。
Joel Meyerowitz "Photography is a response that has to do with the momentary recognition of things. Suddenly you’re alive. A minute later there was nothing there. I just watched it evaporate. You look one moment and there’s everything, next moment it’s gone. Photography is very philosophical." 摄影是与瞬间认识事物有关的反应。突然间你感觉充满了生机。一分钟之后,那里什么都没有了。我只是看着它消散。你看着的这一刻,一切都在,下一刻就消失了。摄影是非常哲学的。
Ansel Adams "To photograph truthfully and effectively is to see beneath the surfaces." 真实而有效地摄影,就是看到事物表面之下。
Irving Penn "Photographing a cake can be art." 给蛋糕拍照可以是一种艺术。
Cecil Beaton "You can’t teach people photography, they’ve got to learn how to do it the best way possible for them. They can learn from looking at pictures... but they don’t really get intimate with the medium until they’ve made a few bad shots." 你不能教人们摄影,他们必须找到最适合他们的学习方法。他们可以通过看照片来学习……但直到他们拍出一些失败的作品,他们才能真正与这种媒介亲密接触。
Andre Kertesz "It isn’t the alphabet that’s important. The important thing is what you are writing, what you are expressing. The same thing goes for photography." 重要的不是字母表,重要的是你在写什么,你在表达什么。摄影也是如此。
Nan Goldin "A lot of people seem to think that art or photography is about the way things look, or the surface of things. They don't understand that it's not about a style or a look or a setup. It's about emotional obsession and empathy." 很多人似乎认为艺术或摄影是关于事物外观,或事物的表面。 他们不明白这不仅仅是关于风格、外观或布置。它关乎情感的着迷和同理心。

如何拍摄一张好照片?

Eddie Adams "If it makes you laugh, if it makes you cry, if it rips out your heart, that’s a good picture." 如果它让你笑,如果它让你哭,如果它触动了你的心,那就是一张好照片。
Jean-Luc Godard "Photography is truth. And cinema is truth twenty-four times a second." 摄影是真实的。电影则是每秒二十四次的真实。
Gordon Parks "If you don’t have anything to say, your photographs are not going to say much." 如果没有什么可说的,你的照片也不会表达太多。
Ernst Haas "The best pictures differentiate themselves by nuances…a tiny relationship – either a harmony or a disharmony – that creates a picture." 最好的图片通过细微差别脱颖而出……一种微小的关系——无论是和谐还是不和谐——造就了一幅画。
Steve McCurry "Just because people use Instagram and take cellphone pictures, it doesn’t mean the pictures are meaningful, any more than a text someone sends a friend is great literature." 仅因为人们使用Instagram和用手机拍照,并不意味着这些照片就有意义,这和某人发给朋友的一条短信不一定是伟大的文学作品一样。
Weegee "To me a photograph is a page from life, and that being the case, it must be real." 对我来说,一张照片就是生活的一页,既然如此,它必须是真实的。
Eugène Atget "A good photograph is like a good hound dog, dumb, but eloquent." 一张好的照片就像一只好的猎犬,沉默寡言,但又能言善辩。
Anne Geddes "The best images are the ones that retain their strength and impact over the years, regardless of the number of times they are viewed." 最优秀的图像是那些经年累月仍保持其力量和影响力的作品,无论被观看多少次。
Charles Harbutt "A photograph is a collision between a person with a camera and reality. The photograph is typically as interesting as the collision is." 一张照片是持相机的人与现实之间的碰撞。照片通常和这次碰撞一样有趣。
Sergio Larrain "A good picture is born from a state of grace. Grace becomes manifest when one is freed from conventions, free as a child in his first discovery of reality. The game is then to organize the triangle." 一幅好画诞生于一种优雅的状态。当一个人摆脱了习俗,像孩子第一次发现现实时那样自由,优雅就会显现出来。然后游戏就是组织这个三角。

摄影基本原理

Garry Winogrand "Photography is not about the thing photographed. It is about how that thing looks photographed." 摄影并非关乎被拍摄的事物。它关乎的是事物在被拍摄后的样子。
Diane Arbus "I really believe there are things nobody would see if I didn’t photograph them." 我真的相信,如果我不拍照,有些东西是没有人会注意到的。
Terence Donovan "The magic of photography is metaphysical. What you see in the photograph isn't what you saw at the time. The real skill of photography is organised visual lying." 摄影的魔力是形而上的。你在照片中看到的不就是你当时所见的。摄影的真正技巧在于有组织的视觉欺骗。
Dorothea Lange "Photography takes an instant out of time, altering life by holding it still." 摄影从时间中捕捉一瞬间,通过静止来改变生活。
Andy Warhol "The best thing about a picture is that it never changes, even when the people in it do." 照片最好的地方在于,即使里面的人会变,它却永远不会改变。
Ambrose Bierce "Photograph: a picture painted by the sun without instruction in art." 照片:未经艺术指导由太阳绘制的图画。
Diane Arbus "A photograph is a secret about a secret. The more it tells you the less you know." 一张照片是关于一个秘密的秘密。它告诉你的越多,你了解的就越少。
David Bailey "It takes a lot of imagination to be a good photographer. You need less imagination to be a painter because you can invent things, but in photography... it takes a lot of looking before you learn to see the extraordinary." 成为一名优秀的摄影师需要丰富的想象力。作为画家,你需要的想象力就少一些,因为你能够创造事物,但在摄影中……你在学会看到非凡之处之前,需要进行大量的观察。
Man Ray "Of course, there will always be those who look only at technique, who ask ‘how’, while others of a more curious nature will ask ‘why’. Personally, I have always preferred inspiration to information." 当然,总会有一些人只关注技术,他们问‘怎么做’,而那些好奇心更强的人会问‘为什么’。就我个人而言,我一直更喜欢灵感而不是信息。
Paul Strand "Photography is a medium in which if you don’t do it then, very often you don’t do it at all, because it doesn’t happen twice. A rock will probably always be more or less there just the way you saw it yesterday. But other things change, they’re not always there the day after or the week after." 摄影是一种媒介,如果你当时不去做,很多时候你就永远不会去做,因为它不会发生两次。一块岩石可能始终或多或少地在那里,就像你昨天看到的那样。但其他事物在变化,它们不会总在第二天或一周后还在那里。
Pete Turner "Ultimately, simplicity is the goal in every art, and achieving simplicity is one of the hardest things to do, yet it’s easily the most essential." 最终,简单是每一种艺术的目标,实现简单是最难的事情之一,然而它却是最为关键的。
Robert Doisneau "You must let the person looking at the photograph go some of the way to finishing it. You should offer them a seed that will grow and open up their minds." 你必须让看照片的人自己去完成一部分创作。你应该给他们一颗能够生长并开启他们思维的种子。
Elliott Erwitt "All the technique in the world doesn’t compensate for the inability to notice." 世界上所有的技巧都无法弥补无法察觉的能力。

如何拍摄

David Alan Harvey "Don’t shoot what it looks like. Shoot what it feels like." 不要拍摄它看起来像什么。拍摄它感觉像什么。
Ruth Bernhard "There is no such thing as taking too much time, because your soul is in that picture." 花再多的时间也不为过,因为你的灵魂就在那幅画中。
David Lachapelle "The key is to photograph your obsessions; whether that’s old people’s hands or skyscrapers. Think of a blank canvas, because that’s what you’ve got, and then think about what you want to see – not anyone else." 关键是要拍摄你痴迷的东西;无论是老人的手还是摩天大楼。想象一块空白的画布,因为你所拥有的就是这样,然后思考你想看到什么——不是别人想要的。
David Burnett "The satisfaction comes from working next to 500 photographers and coming away with something different." 满意度来自于与 500 位摄影师一起工作,并从中得到与众不同的东西。
Frans Lanting “I think a photograph, of whatever it might be – a landscape, a person – requires personal involvement. That means knowing your subject, not just snapping away at what’s in front of you.” 我认为,无论是一张风景照还是人物照,都需要个人的投入。这意味着要了解你的拍摄对象,而不仅仅是随意拍摄你面前的东西。
Joe McNally “I can’t tell you how many pictures I’ve missed, ignored, trampled or otherwise lost, just ’cause I’ve been so hell-bent on getting the shot I think I want.” 我无法告诉你,因为我如此固执地想要得到我认为我想要的照片,我错过了、忽视了、踩踏了或以其他方式丢失了多少照片。
Maggie Steber "The pitfall of photography is that you can end up looking at everything through a camera, instead of seeing it for itself. The viewfinder isolates you. When you look through one, you're cutting everything else out of your vision. The camera can open many doors, but sometimes you need to put it down and live." 摄影的陷阱在于,你最终可能会通过相机来看一切,而不是为了其本身而观察。取景器使你孤立。当你通过它看时,你正在将其他一切从你的视野中排除。相机可以打开许多门,但有时你需要放下它,去生活。
Robert Capa "If your pictures aren’t good enough, you’re not close enough." 如果你的照片不够好,那是因为你靠得不够近。
Cindy Sherman “If I knew what the picture was going to be like, I wouldn’t make it. It was almost like it was made already... the challenge is more about trying to make what you can’t think of.” 如果我知道这幅画最终会是什么样子,我就不会去画它了。感觉它好像已经存在了……挑战更多地在于尝试去创作那些你无法想象的东西。

本能的重要性

Robert Farber "If you want to make good photographs, a camera has to be second nature to you. Devoting too much attention to technical decisions can interfere with your creative processes." 如果你想拍出好照片,相机对你来说必须得心应手。过多关注技术性的决策可能会干扰你的创作过程。
Helen Levitt “It would be mistaken to suppose that any of the best photography is come at by intellection; it is like all art, essentially the result of an intuitive process, drawing on all that the artist is rather than on anything he thinks, far less theorizes about -” 认为任何最好的摄影作品都是通过智力思考得来的,这将是一个误解;它像所有艺术一样,本质上是一个直觉过程的结果,依赖于艺术家的全部本质,而不是他思考的任何东西,更不是他理论化的内容——
Lee Miller "It seems to me that women have a bigger chance at success in photography than men… Women are quicker and more adaptable than men. And I think they have an intuition that helps them understand personalities more quickly than men." 在我看来,女性在摄影领域取得成功的几率比男性更大……女性比男性更快、更适应能力强。我认为她们有一种直觉,能帮助她们比男性更快地理解个性。
James Nachtwey “It is very hard to say where you’re going until you get there. That kind of thing is based very much on instinct. As a photographer, one of the most important lessons I have learnt is that you have to learn to listen to and trust your own instinct. It has helped to guide me – this far at least.” 在你到达那里之前,很难说你会去哪里。这类事情很大程度上是基于直觉。作为一名摄影师,我学到的最重要的一课就是你必须学会倾听并信任自己的直觉。至少到目前为止,它帮助引导了我。
Ellen von Unwerth "Technique undoubtedly helps make photography magical, but I prefer to work with atmosphere. I think that the obsession with technique is a male thing. Boy's toys. They love playing... but once you've perfected something you have to start searching for a new toy. I would rather search for a new model or location." 技术无疑使摄影变得神奇,但我更喜欢与氛围打交道。我认为对技术的痴迷是男性化的东西。男孩的玩具。他们喜欢玩耍……但一旦你完美地掌握了一项技术,你就得开始寻找新的玩具。我更愿意去寻找新的模特或地点。
Franz Kafka “Photography concentrates one’s eye on the superficial. For that reason it obscures the hidden life which glimmers through the outlines of things like a play of light and shade. One can’t catch that even with the sharpest lens. One has to grope for it by feeling.” 摄影使人的眼睛专注于表面。因此,它遮蔽了那些像光与影的嬉戏一样在事物轮廓中闪烁的隐藏生活。即使是最锐利的镜头也无法捕捉到它。人们必须通过感觉去摸索。
Edward Weston “To consult the rules of composition before making a picture is a little like consulting the law of gravitation before going for a walk.” 在创作画作之前查阅构图规则,有点像散步前先研究万有引力定律。
Jerry Uelsmann “The better images occur when you’re moving to the fringes of your own understanding. That's where self-doubt and risk taking are likely to occur. It’s when you trust what’s happening at a non-intellectual non-conscious level that you can produce work that later resonates, often in a way that you can’t articulate a response to.” 更好的图像出现在你移动到自己理解边缘的时候。这就是自我怀疑和冒险可能发生的地方。当你信任在非智力、非意识层面上发生的事情时,你才能创作出后来会引起共鸣的作品,这种共鸣往往是无法用言语来回应的。
Walker Evans “The secret of photography is the camera takes on the character and personality of the handler.” 摄影的秘诀在于相机能够承载使用者的性格和个性。

技术思考

Berenice Abbott "Self-conscious artiness is fatal, but it certainly would not hurt to study composition in general. Having a basic understanding of composition would help construct a better organized image." 自我意识的艺术性是致命的,但研究一下构图一般来说肯定不会有坏处。对构图有一个基本的了解有助于构建更有组织的图像。
Martin Parr “I go straight in very close to people, and I do that because it’s the only way you can get the picture. You go right up to them. Even now, I don’t find it easy. I don’t announce it. I pretend to be focusing elsewhere. If you take someone’s photo, it is very difficult not to look at them just after. But it’s the one thing that gives the game away. I don’t try and hide what I’m doing – that would be folly.” 我非常靠近人,这样做是因为这是获取照片的唯一方式。你要直接走到他们面前。即使现在,我也不觉得这容易。我不会提前告知。我会假装在关注其他地方。如果你给某人拍照,拍完之后很难不去看他们。但这是最容易暴露的行为。我不试图隐藏我在做什么——那将是愚蠢的。
Robert Frank “Black and white are the colours of photography. To me they symbolise the alternatives of hope and despair to which mankind is forever subjected.” 黑白是摄影的颜色。对我来说,它们象征着人类永远面临的希望与绝望的抉择。
Ted Grant “When you photograph people in color, you photograph their clothes. But when you photograph people in Black and white, you photograph their souls!” 当你用彩色拍摄人时,你拍摄的是他们的衣服。但当你用黑白拍摄人时,你拍摄的是他们的灵魂!
August Sander “In photography there are no shadows that cannot be illuminated.” 在摄影中,没有无法被照亮的阴影。
Susan Sontag “The painter constructs, the photographer discloses.” 画家构建,摄影师揭示。
Diane Arbus "The more specific you are, the more general it’ll be.” 你越具体,它就会越普遍。
Mary Ellen Mark “By making a frame you’re being selective, then you edit the pictures you want published and you’re being selective again. You develop a point of view that you want to express. You try to go into a situation with an open mind, but then you form an opinion and you express it in your photographs.” 通过制作框架,你是在进行选择,然后你编辑你想要发布的图片,你再次进行选择。你发展出一个你想表达的观点。你试图以开放的心态进入一个情境,但随后你形成了一种观点,并通过你的照片表达出来。
Anton Corbijn “Limit your tools, focus on one thing, and just make it work… you become very inventive with the restrictions you give yourself.” 限制你的工具,专注于一件事情,让它发挥作用……你在给自己设定限制时变得非常有创造性。
Arnold Newman “A lot of photographers think that if they buy a better camera they’ll be able to take better photographs. A better camera won’t do a thing for you if you don’t have anything in your head or in your heart.” 很多摄影师认为,如果他们买一个更好的相机,就能拍出更好的照片。但如果你头脑或心中没有东西,再好的相机也无济于事。
Mario Testino “My favourite words are possibilities, opportunities and curiosity. If you are curious, you create opportunities, and if you open the doors, you create possibilities.” 我最喜欢的词汇是可能性、机会和好奇心。如果你充满好奇,你就会创造机会;而如果你打开大门,你就会创造可能性。
Jay Maisel “You are responsible for every part of your image, even the parts you’re not interested in.” 你必须为你的形象中的每一部分负责,甚至包括那些你不感兴趣的部分。

摄影提升方法

Annie Leibovitz "Those who want to be serious photographers, you're really going to have to edit your work. You're going to have to understand what you're doing. You're going to have to not just shoot, shoot, shoot. To stop and look at your work is the most important thing you can do" 那些想成为专业摄影师的人,你真的需要编辑你的作品。你需要理解你在做什么。你不只是要不断地拍摄、拍摄、拍摄。停下来审视你的作品是你能做的最重要的事情。
Jim Richardson "If you want to be a better photographer, stand in front of more interesting stuff." 如果你想成为一个更好的摄影师,站在更多有趣的事物前面。
Art Wolfe "Never stop looking, no matter where you are, everywhere there are good photographs." 无论你在哪里,都不要停止寻找,因为到处都有好的照片。
William Eggleston “You become technically proficient whether you want to or not, the more you take pictures.” 不管你是否愿意,你都会变得技术熟练,你拍照越多,就越擅长。
Fay Godwin “Look at lots of exhibitions and books, and don't get hung up on cameras and technical things. Photography is about images." 多看展览和书籍,不要过分纠结于相机和技术问题。摄影是关于影像的。
Joe McNally “Don’t pack up your camera until you’ve left the location.” 在离开拍摄地点之前,不要收拾你的相机。
Robert Mapplethorpe “The more pictures you see, the better you are as a photographer.” 你看到的图片越多,你作为摄影师就越优秀。
Ami Vitale "One of the biggest mistakes photographers make is not having work that defines their interests and strengths. No one is going to hire you for what you say you like to do. You have to show them that you are capable of it first." 摄影师们犯的最大错误之一是没有能够定义自己兴趣和强项的作品。没有人会因为你说你喜欢做什么而雇佣你。你必须首先向他们展示你有能力做到这一点。
William Klein "Be yourself. I much prefer seeing something, even it is clumsy, that doesn't look like somebody else's work." 做你自己。我更喜欢看到即使有些笨拙,但不是别人作品的东西。
Brassaï “Chance is always there. We all use it. The difference is, a poor photographer meets chance one out of a hundred times and a good photographer meets chance all the time.” 机会总是存在的。我们都在利用它。不同的是,一个差的摄影师一百次中遇到一次机会,而一个好的摄影师则总是遇到机会。
Guy Le Querrec "A photographer is an acrobat treading the high wire of chance, trying to capture shooting stars." 摄影师是走在机遇高线上的杂技演员,试图捕捉流星。
Yousuf Karsh “There is a brief moment when all there is in a man’s mind and soul and spirit is reflected through his eyes, his hands, his attitude. This is the moment to record.” 有那么一瞬间,一个人的思想、灵魂和精神都通过他的眼睛、双手、态度反映出来。这就是需要记录的时刻。
Galen Rowell “You only get one sunrise and one sunset a day, and you only get so many days on the planet. A good photographer does the math and doesn’t waste either.” 一天只有一个日出和一个日落,你在地球上也就只有这么多的日子。一个好的摄影师会算这笔账,不会浪费任何一个。
Bill Brandt “Photography has no rules, it is not a sport. It is the result which counts, no matter how matter how it is achieved.” 摄影没有规则,它不是一项运动。重要的是结果,无论它是如何实现的。

如何拍摄人物

Annie Leibovitz "A thing that you see in my pictures is that I was not afraid to fall in love with these people." 你在我照片中看到的一件事是,我不害怕爱上这些人。
Helmut Newton “My job as a portrait photographer is to seduce, amuse and entertain.” 我作为人像摄影师的工作是去诱惑、娱乐和吸引人。
Paul Caponigro “It’s one thing to make a picture of what a person looks like; it’s another thing to make a portrait of who they are.” 描绘一个人看起来是什么样子是一回事;描绘他们是谁则完全是另一回事。
Martin Schoeller “A photographic close-up is perhaps the purest form of portraiture, creating a confrontation between the viewer and the subject that daily interaction makes impossible, or at least impolite.” 一张摄影特写或许是最纯粹的肖像形式,它创造了观众与被摄对象之间的对峙,这种对峙在日常互动中是不可能的,或者至少是不礼貌的。
Philippe Halsman “To me, the face – the eyes, the expression of the mouth – is the thing that reflects character. It is the only part of the body that permits us to see the inner person.” 对我来说,脸部——眼睛,嘴部的表情——是反映性格的事物。它是我们身体唯一允许我们看到内在自我的部分。
Paolo Roversi “We all have a sort of mask of expression. You say goodbye, you smile, you are scared. I try to take all these masks away and little by little subtract until you have something pure left. A kind of abandon, a kind of absence.” 我们都有一种表情的面具。你说再见,你微笑,你感到害怕。我试图拿掉所有的这些面具,一点一点地减去,直到剩下一些纯净的东西。一种放弃,一种缺席。
Platon “I never think about a shoot before I do it. Because there's no formula for people. What I try to do is to strip everything away rather than go in with preconceived notions. If I do that, I might miss a gem or a jewel that the person is offering me." 我在拍摄之前从不去想它。因为对人来说没有固定的公式。我试图做的是把一切都剥离,而不是带着先入为主的观念去拍摄。如果我那样做,我可能会错过对方给予我的宝石或珍宝。
Lynsey Addario “People are aware of the power of a camera, and this instinctively makes most subjects uncomfortable and stiff. But Bebeto taught me to linger in a place long enough, without photographing, so that people grew comfortable with me and the camera’s presence.” 人们意识到相机的力量,这本能地让大多数被摄者感到不舒服和僵硬。但 Bebeto 教会我在一个地方停留足够长的时间,不拍照,这样人们就会对我和相机的存在感到舒适。
Jeanloup Sieff "A good portrait is the rapport that is established between two people, there has to be someone in front of the camera and someone behind it." 一幅好的肖像作品是建立在两个人之间的默契,必须有一个人在镜头前,还有一个人在镜头后。
Albert Watson "It doesn't matter if you're photographing a porter in a market in Marrakech or you're photographing the king of Morocco. You have the same sympathetic approach to everybody. You be nice to everybody, basically." 无论你是 在马拉喀什的市场里给搬运工拍照,还是给摩洛哥国王拍照,你对每个人都采取 同样的同情态度。基本上,你对每个人都很好。
Jamel Shabazz "The majority of the people I've taken photographs of, I've had conversations with. 'What are your goals and aspirations?'. 'What are you about?' It's not just about me capturing the image; I want to know what you are about." 我拍摄过的绝大多数人,我都与他们交谈过。‘你的目标和抱负是什么?’‘你是做什么的?’这不仅仅是关于我捕捉图像;我还想知道你是怎样的一个人。
Edward Steichen “A portrait is not made in the camera but on either side of it.” 肖像不是在相机中制作的,而是在相机的两侧。
Peter Lindbergh “The photographer, even in fashion and portraiture, has to have a standpoint. It's important to know what you stand for, no? Most people just take pictures but they stand for nothing. They follow trends and don't know why." 摄影师,即使在时尚和肖像摄影中,也必须有自己的立场。了解你代表什么是很重要的,不是吗?大多数人只是拍照,但他们不代表任何东西。他们追随潮流,却不知道为什么。
Rineke Dijkstra "I don’t need to know anything about the people I photograph, but it’s important that I recognise something about myself in them." 我不需要了解我拍照的人的任何信息,但重要的是我能在他们身上认识到一些关于我自己的东西。

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